Vale tau tsim tawm li ntawm 250,000 tons ntawm cov khoom xuab zeb uas ruaj khov, uas tau ntawv pov thawj los hloov cov xuab zeb uas feem ntau raug khawb tsis raws cai.

Tom qab 7 xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev nqis peev ntawm kwv yees li 50 lab reais, Vale tau tsim cov txheej txheem tsim khoom rau cov khoom xuab zeb zoo, uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev lag luam kev tsim kho. Lub tuam txhab tau siv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom xuab zeb no rau thaj chaw ua haujlwm hlau ore hauv Minas Gerais, thiab hloov cov ntaub ntawv xuab zeb uas xav tau kev siv cov pas dej lossis cov txheej txheem stacking rau hauv cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom raug tswj hwm zoo ib yam li kev tsim cov hlau ore. Xyoo no, lub tuam txhab tau ua tiav thiab tsim tawm kwv yees li 250,000 tons ntawm cov khoom xuab zeb ruaj khov, thiab lub tuam txhab npaj yuav muag lossis pub rau lawv rau kev tsim cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, mortar thiab cement lossis rau kev paving paving.

Mr. Marcello Spinelli, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Vale's Iron Ore Business, tau hais tias cov khoom xuab zeb yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov dua. Nws hais tias: "Qhov project no tau ua rau peb tsim kom muaj kev lag luam ncig sab hauv. Muaj kev xav tau xuab zeb ntau heev hauv kev lag luam kev tsim kho. Peb cov khoom xuab zeb muab lwm txoj hauv kev txhim khu kev qha rau kev lag luam kev tsim kho, thaum txo cov kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev pov tseg cov quav ciab. Kev cuam tshuam."

Bulkoutu thaj chaw khawb av ruaj khov cov khoom siv xuab zeb

Raws li United Nations kwv yees, kev xav tau xuab zeb thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo yog li ntawm 40 txog 50 billion tons. Xuab zeb tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv ntuj tsim uas raug siv ntau tshaj plaws tom qab dej, thiab cov khoom siv no raug siv tsis raug cai thiab ua phem rau thoob ntiaj teb.

Vale cov khoom xuab zeb uas ruaj khov tau suav hais tias yog cov khoom seem ntawm cov hlau ore. Cov hlau nyoos hauv daim ntawv ntawm pob zeb uas tau khawb los ntawm xwm ua cov hlau ore tom qab ntau txoj kev ua haujlwm xws li kev tsoo, kev tshuaj ntsuam, kev sib tsoo thiab kev ua kom zoo hauv lub hoobkas. Vale txoj kev tsim kho tshiab yog nyob rau hauv kev rov ua dua cov khoom seem ntawm cov hlau ore hauv theem ua kom zoo kom txog thaum nws mus txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua zoo thiab dhau los ua cov khoom lag luam. Hauv cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo ib txwm muaj, cov ntaub ntawv no yuav dhau los ua cov tailings, uas raug pov tseg los ntawm kev siv cov pas dej lossis hauv cov pawg. Tam sim no, txhua tuj ntawm cov khoom xuab zeb tsim tawm txhais tau tias txo ib tuj ntawm tailings.

Cov khoom xuab zeb uas tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem ua cov hlau yog 100% ntawv pov thawj. Lawv muaj cov ntsiab lus silicon siab thiab cov ntsiab lus hlau tsawg heev, thiab muaj kev sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom me me. Mr. Jefferson Corraide, tus thawj coj ntawm Brucutu thiab Agualimpa kev ua haujlwm sib koom ua ke, tau hais tias hom khoom xuab zeb no tsis muaj kev phom sij. "Peb cov khoom xuab zeb feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov txheej txheem lub cev, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm ua, yog li cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab tsis muaj teeb meem."

Daim ntawv thov ntawm Vale cov khoom xuab zeb hauv cov pob zeb ua vaj tse thiab mortar tau txais ntawv pov thawj los ntawm Brazilian Institute of Scientific Research (IPT), Falcão Bauer thiab ConsultareLabCon, peb lub chaw soj nstuam kev tshaj lij.

Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Ruaj Khov ntawm University of Queensland hauv tebchaws Australia thiab University of Geneva hauv Switzerland tab tom ua ib txoj kev tshawb fawb ywj pheej los tshuaj xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm Vale cov khoom xuab zeb kom nkag siab seb cov khoom siv hauv tsev no puas tuaj yeem ua qhov chaw ruaj khov ntawm xuab zeb thiab txo cov khib nyiab uas tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv kev khawb av. Cov kws tshawb fawb siv lo lus "oresand" los hais txog cov khoom xuab zeb uas tau los ntawm cov khoom siv ore thiab tsim los ntawm kev ua tiav.

qhov ntsuas ntau lawm

Vale tau cog lus tias yuav muag lossis pub ntau tshaj 1 lab tons ntawm cov khoom siv xuab zeb los ntawm xyoo 2022. Cov neeg yuav khoom los ntawm plaub thaj chaw suav nrog Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo thiab Brasilia. Lub tuam txhab kwv yees tias los ntawm xyoo 2023, cov khoom siv xuab zeb yuav nce mus txog 2 lab tons.

"Peb npaj txhij los nthuav dav kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom xuab zeb txij li xyoo 2023. Rau lub hom phiaj no, peb tau teeb tsa ib pab neeg mob siab rau kev nqis peev hauv kev lag luam tshiab no. Lawv yuav siv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom xuab zeb rau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom uas twb muaj lawm kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua lag luam." Mr. Rogério Nogueira, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Vale Iron Ore Marketing, tau hais.

Vale tam sim no tab tom tsim cov khoom xuab zeb ntawm lub qhov av Brucutu hauv San Gonzalo de Abaisau, Minas Gerais, uas yuav raug muag lossis pub dawb.

Lwm thaj chaw khawb av hauv Minas Gerais kuj tseem tab tom hloov kho ib puag ncig thiab khawb av kom suav nrog cov txheej txheem tsim xuab zeb. "Cov chaw khawb av no tsim cov khoom xuab zeb nrog cov ntsiab lus silicon siab, uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ntau yam lag luam. Peb tab tom koom tes nrog ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv suav nrog cov tsev kawm qib siab, cov chaw tshawb fawb thiab cov tuam txhab hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws los tsim cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab los muab cov hlau ore tailings tshiab. Txoj kev tawm. "Mr. André Vilhena, Vale tus thawj tswj lag luam tshiab tau hais txog.

Ntxiv rau kev siv cov khoom siv uas twb muaj lawm hauv thaj chaw khawb hlau, Vale kuj tau tsim ib lub network kev thauj mus los uas muaj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab kev los thauj cov khoom xuab zeb mus rau ntau lub xeev hauv Brazil. "Peb lub hom phiaj yog xyuas kom meej tias kev lag luam hlau ruaj khov. Los ntawm kev lag luam tshiab no, peb vam tias yuav txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig, thaum nrhiav cov cib fim los txhawb kev ua haujlwm thiab nce cov nyiaj tau los." Mr. Verena ntxiv.

cov khoom lag luam ecological

Txij li xyoo 2014 los, Vale tau ua kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv cov tailings. Xyoo tas los, lub tuam txhab tau qhib lub Hoobkas Puku Brick, uas yog thawj lub Hoobkas sim los tsim cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim kho siv cov tailings los ntawm kev ua haujlwm mining ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb. Lub Hoobkas nyob hauv thaj chaw Pico mining hauv Itabilito, Minas Gerais, thiab lub hom phiaj yog txhawb kev lag luam ncig hauv kev ua cov hlau ore.

Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Siv Tshuab ntawm Minas Gerais thiab Lub Hoobkas Pico Brick tau pib kev koom tes ua haujlwm thiab xa 10 tus kws tshawb fawb suav nrog cov xibfwb, cov kws tshaj lij hauv chaw kuaj mob, cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav qib siab, cov tub ntxhais kawm qib siab thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm txuj ci mus rau lub Hoobkas. Thaum lub sijhawm koom tes, peb yuav ua haujlwm ntawm lub Hoobkas, thiab cov khoom lag luam thaum lub sijhawm tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho yuav tsis muag rau lub ntiaj teb sab nraud.

Vale kuj tseem koom tes nrog lub tsev kawm ntawv Itabira ntawm Federal University of Itajuba los kawm txog txoj kev siv cov khoom xuab zeb rau kev paving. Lub tuam txhab npaj yuav pub cov khoom xuab zeb rau thaj chaw hauv zos rau kev paving.

Kev khawb av kom ruaj khov dua

Ntxiv rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam ecological, Vale kuj tau siv lwm yam kev ntsuas los txo cov tailings thiab ua kom cov haujlwm mining ruaj khov dua. Lub tuam txhab tau cog lus los tsim cov txheej txheem ua kom qhuav uas tsis xav tau dej. Tam sim no, kwv yees li 70% ntawm Vale cov khoom hlau ore yog tsim los ntawm kev ua kom qhuav, thiab qhov feem pua ​​no yuav tsis hloov pauv txawm tias tom qab lub peev xwm tsim khoom txhua xyoo tau nce mus txog 400 lab tons thiab cov haujlwm tshiab tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm. Xyoo 2015, hlau ore tsim los ntawm kev ua kom qhuav tsuas yog suav txog 40% ntawm tag nrho cov zis.

Seb kev ua kom qhuav puas siv tau yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau ore uas tau khawb. Cov hlau ore hauv Carajás muaj cov hlau ntau (ntau dua 65%), thiab cov txheej txheem ua tsuas yog yuav tsum tau tsoo thiab tshuaj xyuas raws li qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me.

Qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov hlau hauv qee thaj chaw khawb av hauv Minas Gerais yog 40%. Txoj kev kho mob ib txwm muaj yog kom nce cov hlau ntawm cov hlau los ntawm kev ntxiv dej rau kev ua kom zoo. Feem ntau ntawm cov tailings tshwm sim tau muab tso rau hauv cov pas dej lossis qhov av. Vale tau siv lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov hlau qis-qib, uas yog kev sib cais sib nqus qhuav ntawm cov hlau zoo (FDMS) thev naus laus zis. Cov txheej txheem sib cais sib nqus ntawm cov hlau tsis xav tau dej, yog li tsis tas yuav siv cov pas dej tailings.

Cov thev naus laus zis sib cais sib nqus qhuav rau cov hlau nplaum zoo tau tsim nyob rau hauv Brazil los ntawm NewSteel, uas tau txais los ntawm Vale hauv xyoo 2018, thiab tau siv rau hauv lub Hoobkas sim hauv Minas Gerais. Lub Hoobkas lag luam thawj zaug yuav raug siv rau hauv thaj chaw ua haujlwm Vargem Grande hauv xyoo 2023. Lub Hoobkas yuav muaj peev xwm tsim khoom txhua xyoo ntawm 1.5 lab tons thiab tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm US $ 150 lab.

Lwm yam thev naus laus zis uas tuaj yeem txo qhov kev thov rau cov pas dej tailings yog lim cov tailings thiab khaws cia rau hauv cov pawg qhuav. Tom qab lub peev xwm tsim cov hlau ore txhua xyoo ncav cuag 400 lab tons, feem ntau ntawm 60 lab tons (suav txog 15% ntawm tag nrho cov peev xwm tsim khoom) yuav siv cov thev naus laus zis no los lim thiab khaws cov tailings. Vale tau qhib lub Hoobkas lim tailings hauv thaj chaw khawb av Great Varzhin, thiab npaj yuav qhib peb lub Hoobkas lim tailings ntxiv hauv thawj peb lub hlis xyoo 2022, ib qho nyob hauv thaj chaw khawb av Brucutu thiab ob qho ntxiv nyob hauv thaj chaw khawb av Itabira. Tom qab ntawd, cov hlau ore tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntub dej ib txwm yuav tsuas yog suav txog 15% ntawm tag nrho cov peev xwm tsim khoom, thiab cov tailings tsim tawm yuav raug khaws cia rau hauv cov pas dej tailings lossis cov qhov av uas tsis ua haujlwm.